Science Big Ideas

Biology Chemistry Physics Earth and Space
Kindergarten Plants and animals have observable features Humans interact with matter every day through familiar materials. The motion of objects depends on their properties. Daily and seasonal changes affect all living things.
Grade 1 Living things have features and behaviours that help them survive in their environment. Matter is useful because of its properties. Light and sound can be produced and their properties can be changed. Observable patterns and cycles occur in the local sky and landscape.
Grade 2 All living things have a life cycle. Materials can be changed through physical and chemical processes. Forces influence the motion of an object. Water is essential to all living things, and it cycles through the environment.
Grade 3 Living things are diverse, can be grouped, and interact in their ecosystems. All matter is made of particles. Thermal energy can be produced and transferred. Wind, water, and ice change the shape of the land.
Grade 4 All living things and their environment are interdependent. Matter has mass, takes up space, and can change phase. Energy can be transformed. The motion of Earth and the moon cause observable patterns that affect living and non-living systems.
Grade 5 Multicellular organisms have organ systems that enable them to survive and interact within their environment. Solutions are homogeneous. Machines are devices that transfer force and energy. Earth materials change as they move through the rock cycle and can be used as natural resources.
Grade 6 Multicellular organisms rely on internal systems to survive, reproduce, and interact with their environment. Everyday materials are often homogeneous solutions and heterogeneous mixtures. Newton’s three laws of motion describe the relationship between force and motion. The solar system is part of the Milky Way, which is one of billions of galaxies.
Grade 7 The theory of evolution by natural selection provides an explanation for the diversity and survival of living things. Elements consist of one type of atom, and compounds consist of atoms of different elements chemically combined. The electromagnetic force produces both electricity and magnetism. Earth and its climate have changed over geological time.
All Grades
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Updated Sept 2024